SUDAN. The imposition of order preoccupies the minds of those who run the refugee camps of the world. 1988

SUDAN. The sons of the Dinka people of Southern Sudan look after the family cattle, often miles away from their villages. When government soldiers massacre the inhabitants, the boys are often the only survivors. Many walk hundreds of miles to reach refugee camps along the border. Some, like this boy, go insane from their experiences. 1988

SUDAN. Refugees are rarely seen as intact families: the men are absent, either dead or fighting in a rare war where Muslims are busy killing Christians. The people of southern Sudan came under the influence of Christian missionaries sent from Britain to save their "heathen souls". The Muslim government in the north is waging a war against them. 1988

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Youths at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia. Most have severe malnutrition after their arduous trek to safety from Southern Sudan.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Youths at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia. Most have severe malnutrition after their arduous trek to safety from southern Sudan.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Newly arrived refugees building a "tukul", a traditional house, to enable them to abandon living in tents.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Refugees at the Itang refugee camp in Western Ethiopia cope with a water shortage by utilizing even the muddiest of ponds.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Women line up for their daily shipment of water brought from the nearby river Nile at the Jebel Kajur refugee camp on the outskirts of Juba. 20,000 people of the Mundri tribe live there relocated from the Terkeka District 53 miles west of the city. The boy, an orphan, was mentally unbalanced since he had witnessed his family being killed, according to Stephen Lumumba, the camp manager. He now went around on all fours, howling like a dog and even eating without using his hands.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A youth at the feeding center at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia.

SUDAN. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Children line up for their daily bowl of porridge at the Jebel Kajur refugee camp on the outskirts of Juba. 20,000 people of the Mundri tribe live there relocated from the Terkeka District 53 miles west of the city. Oxfam, a relief agency, feeds 4,000 children a day at the camp.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. A youth suffering from severe malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the hospital at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A youth suffering from severe malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the hospital at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. A youth suffering from severe malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the hospital at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. A youth suffering from severe malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the hospital at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. One of the many youths, at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia, suffering from malnutrition and eczema. The card around his neck details the additional allowance of food his condition warrants.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. One of the many youths, at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia, suffering from malnutrition and eczema. The card around his neck details the additional allowance of food his condition warrants.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A special compound, at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia, where boys who have become mentally unbalanced as a result of the experience of seeing their families annihilated at the hands of the Sudanese Army are kept. This boy was tried to a tree stump with string.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Two children at an orphanage in Juba. The red hair is indicative of protein deficiency.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Malnutrition victims among the refugees at the Lolugo camp on the outskirts of Juba.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Malnutrition victims among the refugees at the Lolugo camp on the outskirts of Juba.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A special compound, at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia, where boys who have become mentally unbalanced as a result of the experience of seeing their families annihilated at the hands of the Sudanese Army are kept.

SUDAN. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Five miles south of Juba, at the Lolugo refugee camp, children play with the favorite toy found in the camp, a truck made from old tin cans - a replica of the trucks that bring food to the camp. A child holds a rat, the only source of meat to be found, that he has caught and was trying to sell for the equivalent of 25 cents.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. A malnourished child and bags of maize, a scene in the Itang refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

SUDAN. Juba. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Hundreds of thousands of people have flocked to the city of Juba to seek shelter. This group, from the village of Ndmeni, eleven miles north of the city, is living in the abandoned Mobile school (named after the nearby gas station). Meals are cooked on the old playground.

SUDAN. Juba. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Hundreds of thousands of people have flocked to the city of Juba to seek shelter. This group, from the village of Ndmeni, eleven miles north of the city, is living in the abandoned Mobile school (named after the nearby gas station). Meals are cooked on the old playground.

SUDAN. Juba. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Hundreds of thousands of people have flocked to the city of Juba to seek shelter. This group, from the village of Ndmeni, eleven miles north of the city, is living in the abandoned Mobile school (named after the nearby gas station). Meals are cooked on the old playground.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. One of the many youths at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia suffering from malnutrition and excema.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Youths at the Itang refugee camp in Western Ethiopia. Most have severe malnutrition after their arduous trek to safety from Southern Sudan.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Youths at the feeding center at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

SUDAN. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. Malnutrition victim among the refugees at the Lolugo camp on the outskirts of Juba.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. A youth suffering from severe malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the hospital at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A special compound, at the Fugnido refugee camp in western Ethiopia, where boys who have become mentally unbalanced as a result of the experience of seeing their families annihilated at the hands of the Sudanese Army are kept. This boy was tried to a tree stump with string.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Child being fed a daily bowl of porridge at the Jebel Kajur refugee camp on the outskirts of Juba. 20,000 people of the Mundri tribe live there relocated from the Terkeka District 53 miles west of the city. Oxfam feeds 4,000 children a day at the camp.

SUDAN. Juba. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A t-shirt adorned with a photograph Idi Amin.

SUDAN. Juba. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A wounded man outside the St. Theresa Cathedral in the Kator district.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Archbishop Paulino Lukudu of Juba with his clergy performing mass at the St.Theresa cathedral in the Kator district of Juba.

Refugees From the Civil War In Southern Sudan. Malnourished boy at the Fugnido refugee camp in Western Ethiopia.

ETHIOPIA. 1988. Refugees from the civil war in southern Sudan. A youth suffering from malnutrition in the intensive care ward at the Fugnido refugee camp's hospital in western Ethiopia.

The imposition of order preoccupies the minds of those who run the refugee camps of the world.

The sons of the Dinka people of Southern Sudan look after the family cattle, often miles away from their villages. When government soldiers massacre the inhabitants, the boys are often the only survivors. Many walk hundreds of miles to reach refugee camps along the border. Some, like this boy, go insane from their experiences.

Refugees are rarely seen as intact families: the men are absent, either dead or fighting in a rare war where Muslims are busy killing Christians. The people of southern Sudan came under the influence of Christian missionaries sent from Britain to save their "heathen souls". The Muslim government in the north is waging a war against them.